Adapted Physical Education and Sport-4th Edition

Joseph P. Winnick

About the Product

The world of adapted physical education and sport continues to undergo both legislative and practical changes. Those who want to stay abreast of those changes and provide people with disabilities the best physical education and sport experiences possible will benefit from Adapted Physical Education and Sport, Fourth Edition.

Specifically, the book helps teachers fulfill these requirements:

Provide education compatible with the definition of special education
Identify the unique needs of each person within the program
Offer personalized education specific to each participant’s needs
Provide the most included, integrated setting possible for each individual with disabilities

Adapted Physical Education and Sport, Fourth Edition prepares readers to provide services in the most included setting for each individual. The following are among the new features in this edition:

Chapter updates to incorporate current legislation
Expanded coverage of inclusion
Greater focus on adapted sport, exploring the opportunities in various sports
Major revisions to the measurement and assessment chapter to reflect advances, particularly in alternative assessment
DVD version of the Brockport Physical Fitness Test Video bound into the textbook
Greater attention on behavioral disabilities, with practical applications consistent with IDEA provided for youngsters with behavioral disabilities
New chapter on pervasive developmental disabilities
More emphasis on working with individuals with visual impairments, hearing impairments, or both
Expanded and updated instructor guide and test package, plus a new presentation package

Part I introduces foundational topics in adapted physical education and sport, including program organization and management, adapted sport, individualized programs, and instructional strategies. It helps teachers and leaders to plan, assess, prescribe, teach, and evaluate adapted physical education. Part II explores the unique physical education needs of students with various disabilities.

Part III examines developmental considerations, including motor development, perceptual motor development, and considerations for infants and toddlers as well as for early childhood. In part IV the focus is on physical activities and sports for people with disabilities. It includes chapters on rhythmic movement and dance, aquatics, team sports, individual and adventure sports, and enhancing wheelchair sport performance. Each chapter identifies skills, lead-up activities, modifications, and variations to make the experience meaningful, motivating, and fun for the participants.

Chapter-opening vignettes and numerous real-life problems that must be solved help readers learn and apply the material. Adapted Physical Education and Sport, Fourth Edition, will help practitioners bring out the capabilities of each individual.

About the Editor

Joseph P. Winnick, EdD, is distinguished service professor of physical education and sport at State University of New York, College at Brockport, where he has taught adapted physical education for 40 years. Renowned for his research in adapted physical education, he is the author of the Brockport Physical Fitness Test Manual and related resources, which present the best physical fitness test available for youths with disabilities.

Dr. Winnick developed and implemented America’s first master’s degree professional preparation program in adapted physical education at Brockport in 1968. Since that time he has secured funds from the U.S. Department of Education to support the program. He has received the Professional Recognition Award from the Adapted Physical Activity Council of AAHPERD, the G. Lawrence Rarick Research Award, and the Hollis Fait Scholarly Contribution Award. Dr. Winnick earned master’s and doctoral degrees from Temple University.

Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments

Part I. Foundational Topics in Adapted Physical Education and Sport

Chapter 1. An Introduction to Adapted Physical Education and Sport
Joseph P. Winnick
The Meaning of Adapted Physical Education
Adapted Sport
Planning: Purposes, Aims, Goals, and Objectives
Service Providers
Brief History of Adapted Physical Education
The Inclusion Movement
Litigation
Laws Important to Adapted Physical Education and Sport
History of Adapted Sport
Periodicals
Organizations
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 2. Program Organization and Management
Joseph P. Winnick
Program and Curriculum Planning
Administrative Areas Related to Program Organization and Management
Human Resources
General Program Evaluation
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 3. Adapted Sport
Michael J. Paciorek
Integration Continuum
Sport Organizations
The Olympic and Amateur Sports Act and the Role of the USOC
U.S. Paralymics
The Role of National Governing Bodies
Paralympic Games
Classification
School and Local Community-Based Adapted Sports Programming
Regular Sport Participation
Transition Services
Role of the Physical Educator in Adapted Sport
What About Jeffrey Kling’s Case?
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 4. Measurement, Assessment, and Program Evaluation
Francis X. Short
Measurement and Assessment Strategies
Measurement and Assessment in Adapted Physical Education
Tests and Measures for Use in Adapted Physical Education
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 5. Individualized Education Programs
Francis X. Short
Overview of Individualized Programs
The Student With a Disability
Components of the IEP
Development of the IEP
The Role of the Physical Educator
Section 504 and the Accommodation Plan
The Student Without Disabilities With Unique Needs
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 6. Behavior Management
E. Michael Loovis
Behavior Modification
Types of Reinforcers
Schedules of Reinforcement
Procedures for Increasing Behavior
Procedures for Decreasing Behavior
Implementing a Behavior Modification Program
Uses of Behavior Modification in Physical Education and Sport
Example of Behavior Analysis
Other Approaches
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 7. Instructional Strategies for Adapted Physical Education
Douglas H. Collier
Philosophical Approaches to Adapted Physical Education and Sport
Systematic Teaching – How to Facilitate Motor Learning
Meeting Individual Differences
Prescriptive Planning and Instructional Models
Summary
References
Resources

Part II. Individuals with Unique Needs

Chapter 8. Intellectual Disabilities
Patricia L. Krebs
Definition, Classification and Incidence
Causes of Intellectual Disabilities
Cognitive Development
Characteristics of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
Down Syndrome
Assessment
Organizational and Instructional Methods
Activities
Strategies for Inclusion
Special Olympics
Paralympic Games for Individuals with an Intellectual Disability
Safe Participation
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 9. Behavioral Disabilities
E. Michael Loovis
Nature of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Causes of Behavioral Disorders
General Implications for Physical Education and Sport
Specific Approaches for Physical Education and Sport
Positive Behavioral Support Systems
Inclusion
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 10. Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Cathy Houston-Wilson
History of Autism and Asperger Syndrome
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Etiology
Incidence
Physical and Motor Characteristics
Treatment Approaches
Implications for Teaching Physical Education
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 11. Specific Learning Disabilities
Barry W. Lavay
What Is a Specific Learning Disability?
Characteristics Present Unique Challenges
General Educational Approaches
Recommendations for Teaching Physical Education and Sport
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 12. Visual Impairments
Lauren J. Lieberman
Definition of Visual Impairment
Causes of Vision Loss
Characteristics of Individuals With Visual Impairments
Inclusion: Teaching Students With Visual Impairments in Physical Education
Sports for Athletes With Visual Impairments
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 13. Deafness and Deaf-Blindness
Lauren J. Lieberman
Definitions of Hearing Losses
Types and Causes of Hearing Loss
Characteristics of Deaf Students
General Considerations for Teaching Physical Education to Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing Students
Teaching Considerations for Students With Cochlear Implants
Inclusion Strategies for Teaching Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students
Sport Opportunities
Deafblindness
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 14. Cerebral Palsy, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Stroke
David L. Poretta
Cerebral Palsy
Traumatic Brain Injury
Stroke
Program Implications
Inclusion
Adapted Sports
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 15. Amputations, Dwarfism, and Les Autres
David L. Poretta
Amputations
Dwarfism
Les Autres
Program Implications
Inclusion
Adapted Sports
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 16. Spinal Cord Disabilities
Luke E. Kelly
Classifications
Spinal Cord Injuries
Spinal Column Deviations
Implications for Physical Education
Inclusion
Orthotic Devices
Adapted Sport Activities
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 17. Other Health-Impaired Students
Francis M. Kozub
Diabetes Mellitus
Seizure Disorders
Asthma
Cancer
Cardiovascular Disorders
Anemia
Hemophilia
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Inclusion
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 18. Students With Temporary Disabilities and Other Special Conditions
Christine B. Stopka
Activity Injuries and Rehabilitative Exercises
Long-Term Disorders and Suggested Adapted Physical Activities to Improve These Conditions
Summary
References
Resources

Part III. Developmental Considerations

Chapter 19. Motor Development
John C. Ozmun and David L. Gallahue
Motor Development Defined
Categories of Movement
Motor Development as a Dynamic System
The Phases of Motor Development
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 20. Perceptual-Motor Development
Joseph P. Winnick and Barry W. Lavay
Overview of Perceptual-Motor Process
Sensory Systems
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 21. Infants and Toddlers
Cathy Houston-Wilson
Legislation
The Role of Teachers of Early Childhood Adapted Physical Education
Assessment
Goals and Objectives in Motor Programs for Infants and Toddlers
Goals and Objectives in Motor Programs for Infants and Toddlers With Unique Needs
Developmentally Appropriate Interactions With Infants and Toddlers
Interacting With Families
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 22. Early Childhood Adapted Physical Education
Lauriece L. Zittel
Identifying Young Children With Developmental Delays
Assessment of Performance
Objectives of Early Childhood Programs
Planning for Instruction
Developmentally Appropriate Teaching Approaches
Activities
Summary
References
Resources

Part IV. Activities for Individuals With Unique Needs

Chapter 23. Health-Related Physical Fitness and Physical Activity
Francis X. Short
Definitions
Physical Fitness and Health
Physical Activity and Health-Related Physical Fitness
Physical Activity and Health
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 24. Rhythmic Movement and Dance
Boni B. Boswell
Teaching Dance: What Is It?
Teaching Dance: What Is It Not?
Selection of Age-Appropriate Content
Rhythmic Movements
Creative Educational Dance
Structured Dance
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 25. Aquatics
Monica Lepore
Benefits of Adapted Aquatics
General Teaching Suggestions
Aquatic Assessment
Adapting Swimming Skills
Orientation to Water
Facility and Equipment Considerations
Meeting Unique Needs of Participants
Swimming As a Competitive Sport
Other Aquatic Activities
Inclusion in Aquatic Activities
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 26. Team Sports
David L. Poretta
Getting Involved
Basketball
Floor Hockey
Football
Soccer
Softball
Volleyball
Goal Ball
Quad Rugby
Inclusion
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 27. Individual, Dual, and Adventure Sports and Activities
E. Michael Loovis
Tennis
Table Tennis
Angling
Archery
Badminton
Bowling
Fencing
Horseback Riding
Gymnastics
Wrestling
Track and Field
Golf
Power lifting
Cycling
Bocce
Adventure Activities
Inclusion
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 28. Winter Sport Activities
Luke E. Kelly
Value of Winter Sports
Alpine Skiing
Snowboarding
Cross-Country Skiing
Competitive Skiing for Individuals With Disabilities
Ice Skating
Sledding and Tobogganing
Hockey
Curling
Inclusion
Summary
References
Resources

Chapter 29. Enhancing Wheelchair Sport Performance
Abu B. Yilla
The Athlete and the Wheelchair: A System Approach
The System Approach: Combining the Athlete and the Wheelchair
Facilities
The Future
Summary
References
Resources

Appendix A. Definitions Associated With the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Appendix B. Adapted Physical Education and Sport Addresses
Appendix C. Brockport Physical Fitness Test
Appendix D. Rating Scale for Adapted Physical Education

Index
About the Authors

Audiences

Text for university instructors of adapted physical education. Resource for special education teachers, physical and occupational therapists, coaches of adapted sport, and pre-K to 12 physical education teachers.